HOST LISTS and KEYS

3 Front of head with 4 rounded spine-bearing tubercles, the medial pair conjoined at bases (Fig.60b). Thorax and abdomen with a continuous fringing row of wax glands

…..Tuberaphis coreana

- Front of head without tubercles. Wax glands not evident …..Tuberaphis viscisucta*

Visnea Theaceae

Visnea mocanera Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii

Vitex Lamiaceae

Vitex agnus-castus Aphis fabae, gossypii, nasturtii, viticis;

Myzus ornatus, persicae

V. doniana Aphis gossypii

V. japonica (?) Aphis gossypii, ?nasturtii

V. lucens Aphis gossypii; Myzus ornatus, persicae

V. negundo (incl. var. cannabifolia) Aphis gossypii, [punicae], [vitexicola]

V. rehmannii Aphis gossypii

V. strickeri Aphis gossypii

V. trifolia Aphis gossypii

Vitex spp. Aphis spiraecola; Brachycaudus helichrysi;

[Megoura lespedezae]

Key to apterae on Vitex:-

- R IV+V tapering almost to a point, 1.05-1.30 × HT II. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu). SIPH tapering, pale or dark, or darker towards apices, 0.8-1.7 × cauda which is pale with 6-13 hairs. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.4-0.75 × BD III. Hind tibial hairs all shorter than width of tibia at midlength …..Aphis viticis

- R IV+V with blunt or rounded apex, and if ABD TERG 1 and 7 have MTu then other characters are not in that combination …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Vitis Vitaceae

Vitis aestivalis (incl. var. Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

bourquiniana)

V. amurensis Aphis spiraecola

V. berlandieri Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. bicolor Aphis illinoisensis

V. bourquiniana see V. aestivalis

V. californica Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii

V. candicans Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. cantoniensis = Ampelopsis cantoniensis

V. ×champini Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. cinerea Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. cordifolia Aphis illinoisensis; Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. labrusca Aphis illinoisensis; Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. riparia = V. vulpina

V. rotundifolia Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. rupestris Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

V. semicordata = Parthenocissus semicordata

V. tiliaefolia Aphis illinoisensis

V. trifoliata = Cissus erosa

V. vinifera Aphis aurantii, craccivora, fabae, gossypii, [hederae],

illinoisensis, spiraecola, [vitis Scopoli 1763];

Aploneura ampelina; Aulacorthum solani;

Brachycaudus helichrysi; Daktulosphaira vitifoliae;

Geoica lucifuga; [Hyalopterus amygdali];

Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;

Pemphigus ?saliciradicis, Pemphigus sp. (Australia);

Prociphilus oleae

V. vulpina Aphis fabae, illinoisensis, [ripariae];

Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

Vitis spp. Myzus ornatus; Erisoma ulmi (?); Smynthurodes betae

Key to apterae on Vitis:-

1 Body pyriform, broadest anteriorly. ANT 3-segmented …..Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

- Body not broadest anteriorly. ANT 5- or 6-segmented …..2

2 ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. SIPH absent, or present as pores …..3

- ANT PT/BASE more than 1. SIPH present, tubular …..9

3 SIPH present as pores surrounded by hairs. Dorsal wax glands present, each consisting of a ring of facets around an undivided central area (most easily seen on head and margins of abdomen) …..Eriosoma ulmi (?)

- SIPH absent. Dorsal wax glands absent or of different form …..4

4 Body spindle-shaped with very short ANT and legs (e.g. hind tibia only 0.07-0.15 × BL), and sparse, short hairs. R IV with 2 hairs (often inconspicuous) …..Aploneura ampelina

- Body oval or globular with longer ANT and legs (e.g. hind tibia 0.12-0.23 × BL). Hairs usually more numerous and/or longer, if short and sparse then R IV without hairs …..5

5 Hairs on body and appendages short and sparse. R IV with 0-1(-2) accessory hairs

.....6

- Body and appendages with longer and/or more numerous hairs. R IV with 4 or more hairs

.....7

6 R IV+V 0.53-0.65 × HT II. Rostrum 0.17-0.21 × BL …..Pemphigus ?saliciradicis

- R IV+V 0.73-0.99 × HT II. Rostrum 0.21-0.28 × BL …..Pemphigus sp. (Australia)

7 Anus and anal plate displaced dorsally. Some dorsal body hairs spatulate, and longest marginal hairs 130-150 μm long …..Geoica lucifuga

- Anus and anal plate normally positioned. Dorsal hairs all pointed. Longest marginal hairs less than 50 μm long …..8

8 Body densely clothed in fine hairs. ANT 5-segmented, with ANT II elongate, similar in length to ANT III …..Smynthurodes betae

- Body more sparsely hairy. ANT 6-segmented, with II much shorter than III

…..Prociphilus oleae

9 SIPH with numerous very long hairs …..Greenidea viticola

- SIPH without hairs …..10

10 Hind tibiae entirely black …..Aphis illinoisensis

- Hind tibiae pale, or at least with extensive pale middle sections .....11

11 Head densely spiculose, ANT tubercles well-developed with inner faces almost parallel. SIPH long and tapering/cylindrical, with a well-developed flange. ANT III usually with 1-2 small rhinaria near base .....12

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

12 Cauda with 5 hairs (2 lateral pairs plus one subapical hair). Distal halves of femora black

.....Aulacorthum kuwanai*

- Cauda with (6-) 7 hairs (3 lateral pairs). Femora entirely pale or only dusky towards apices

......Aulacorthum solani

Voandzeia see Vigna Fabaceae

Voandzeia subterranea = Vigna subterranea

Volutaria Asteraceae

Volutaria lipii Aphis fabae; Brachycaudus helichrysi;

Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae

V. muricata Uroleucon jaceae (oviparae, UK; BMNH collection.)

See key to apterae under Amberboa.

Vriesea Bromeliaceae

Vriesea ringens Sitobion luteum

Vriesea sp. Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale

Key to apterae on Vriesea:-

- Dorsal abdomen with a large black oval patch. SIPH black with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation …..Sitobion luteum

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Vulpia (including Zerna) Poaceae

Vulpia alopecuros Rhopalosiphum padi

V. bromoides Israelaphis alistana; Sitobion avenae

V. geniculata Forda marginata;

Metopolophium festucae ssp. cerealium;

Sipha maydis; Sitobion avenae, fragariae

V. membranacea Metopolophium sabihae

V. myuros Israelaphis alistana;

Metopolophium festucae ssp. cerealium;

Schizaphis graminum; Sipha maydis;

Sitobion avenae, fragariae

Vulpia sp. Rhopalosiphum maidis

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Wahlenbergia Campanulaceae

Wahlenbergia abyssinica Uroleucon compositae

W. angustifolia Macrosiphum euphorbiae

W. perrottetii Aphis gossypii

W. serpyllifolia = Edraianthus serpyllifolius

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Waldsteinia Rosaceae

Waldsteinia fragarioides Rhopalosiphoninus staphyleae

Waltheria Sterculiaceae

Waltheria americana Aphis gossypii; Myzus persicae

W. indica Aphis gossypii

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Warszewiczia Rubiaceae

Warszewiczia coccinea Aphis spiraecola

Wasabia see Eutrema Brassicaceae

Washingtonia Arecaceae

Washingtonia filifera Cerataphis brasiliensis

W. robusta Cerataphis brasiliensis

(For a key to aphids on palms see under Calamus.)

Watsonia Iridaceae

Watsonia borbonica Neomyzus circumflexus

W. rosea = W. borbonica

Watsonia spp. Macrosiphum euphorbiae;

Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale; Sitobion africanum

Key to apterae on Watsonia:-

- SIPH black, with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.6 × BD III. Dorsal abdomen with variably developed dark cross-bands

…..Sitobion africanum

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Webbia Clusiaceae

Webbia canariensis Aphis aurantii, gossypii, [hyperici], spiraecola

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Wedelia Asteraceae

Wedelia calycina Aphis gossypii

W. glauca = Pascalia glauca

W. paludosa = Sphagneticola trilobata

W. rugosa Aphis spiraecola

W. trilobata = Sphagneticola trilobata

Wedelia sp. Uroleucon ambrosiae ssp. lizerianum

Key to apterae on Wedelia and Sphagneticola:-

1 SIPH entirely dark and with an extensive distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Dusky/dark scleroites present at bases of at least some of dorsal hairs …..2

- SIPH pale or dark, if dark then without or with very little polygonal reticulation. Dorsal hairs not arising from scleroites …..3

2 Cauda pale, contrasting with dark SIPH …..Uroleucon ambrosiae (incl. ssp. lizerianum)

- Cauda dusky, not much paler than SIPH …..Uroleucon sp. near macolai

3 ANT tubercles well developed with smooth divergent inner faces. ANT dark except at base, with ANT PT/BASE 5.9-7.5. SIPH dark except for basal 0.2-0.3 of length, with subapical polygonal reticulation restricted to much less than 0.1 of length

..…Acyrthosiphon bidenticola

- Without that combination of characters .....4

4 Dorsal cuticle with a pattern of spinules arranged in polygons, with 1-3 spicules in the centre of each polygon. (SIPH clavate) …..Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae

- Dorsal cuticle without spinules arranged in polygons …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Weigela Caprifoliaceae

Weigela coraeensis Aphis spiraecola; [Macromyzus woodwardiae];

Micromyzus diervillae; Rhopalosiphoninus deutzifoliae

W. floribunda Myzus ornatus, persicae

W. florida Aphis fabae; Micromyzus diervillae;

Neotoxoptera weigeliae

W. hortensis Aulacorthum solani; Micromyzus diervillae;

Neotoxoptera weigeliae; Rhopalosiphoninus celtifoliae

W. japonica Micromyzus diervillae

W. praecox Micromyzus diervillae;

Neotoxoptera abeliae (?), yasumatsui

W. subsessilis Micromyzus diervillae; Neotoxoptera weigeliae

Weigela spp. Aphis gossypii, [Aphis sp. (Leonard 1964b: 101)];

Key to apterae (excepted where otherwise indicated) on Weigela:-

(This key can be applied to fundatrices and alatae in spring populations, when these are the only available morphs.)

1 Head without spicules, ANT tubercles weakly developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu) …..go to key to polyphagous aphids, starting at couplet 24

- Head spiculose (or if smooth in alata then SIPH dark and clavate). ABD TERG 1 and 7 without MTu …..2

2 SIPH not clavate, almost cylindrical on distal half (except sometimes for a subapical constriction) …..3

- SIPH slightly to markedly clavate (i.e. with narrower section on basal half) …..5

3 Dorsal abdomen with a pattern of dark intersegmental markings. SIPH rather thick, less than 10 × longer than their width at midlength, with a slight S-curve …..Myzus ornatus

- Dorsal abdomen without dark intersegmental markings. SIPH more than 10 × longer than their width at midlength, and rather straight …..4

4 ANT PT/BASE 4.0-5.5. SIPH 2.1-2.5 × cauda, with a large flange. ANT III usually with 1-3 rhinaria near base …..Aulacorthum solani

- (Fundatrix) ANT PT/BASE 1.4-2.0. SIPH 2.5-3.2 × cauda, with a small flange (Fig.61a). ANT III without rhinaria …..Micromyzus diervillae

5 SIPH very markedly inflated, with diameter of balloon-like swollen part 2.0-4.5 × minimum diameter of basal part .....Rhopalosiphoninus deutzifoliae

- SIPH tapering, cylindrical, or moderately swollen with diameter of swollen part less than 2 × minimum diameter of basal part …..6

6 (Fundatrix) Cauda with 10-12 hairs. R IV+V 1.4-1.6 × HT II. (Al with smooth head, thick, dark SIPH – Fig.61b, and primary rhinarium on ANT V elongate, its long axis 1.2-1.4 × diameter of segment - Fig.61c) …..Rhopalosiphoninus celtifoliae

- Cauda with 5-8 hairs. R IV+V either 0.9-1.4 or 1.7-2.1 × HT II. (Al. with spiculose head, thinner, pale/dusky SIPH, and primary rhinaria on ANT V almost circular, its diameter less than that of segment) …..7

7 ANT PT/BASE 2.8-4.5. (Al. with forewing-veins not dark-bordered) …..Myzus persicae

- (Fundatrix) ANT PT/BASE much less (c.0.7 in two species, unknown in third). (Al.with forewing-veins thickly bordered with fuscous) …..8

8 Al. with sec. rhin. distributed ANT III 29-37, IV 11-23, V 6-11, and media of forewing fused to radial sector (Fig.61d) …..Neotoxoptera weigeliae

- Al. with sec. rhin. distributed ANT III 6-15, IV 0-6, V 0-5, and media of forewing well separated from radial sector …..9

9 Al. with R IV+V 1.6-2.1 × HT II, and sec. rhin. distributed ANT III 10-15, IV 4-6, V 2-5 (possibly unreliable, as based on al. from secondary host) …..Neotoxoptera yasumatsui

- Al. with R IV+V 1.1-1.4 × HT II, and sec. rhin. distributed ANT III 6-13, IV 0,V 0

…..Neotoxoptera abeliae

Weingartneria see Corynephorus Poaceae

Weinmannia Cunoniaceae

Weinmannia sp. Neomyzus circumflexus

Wendlandia Rubiaceae

Wendlandia densiflora Myzus debregeasiae

W. glabrata Aphis gossypii, spiraecola

W. paniculata Aphis odinae

Wendlandia spp. Myzus ornatus; Sinomegoura citricola, [rhododendri]

Key to apterae on Wendlandia:-

- Head spiculose. Dorsal abdomen without dark markings. ANT 1.1-1.2 × BL, with ANT PT/BASE 3.9-4.2. R IV+V 1.3-1.5 × HT II. SIPH pale, 2.1-2.4 × cauda

…..Myzus debregeasiae*

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Westoniella Asteraceae

Westoniella eriocephala Brachycaudus helichrysi

Whipplea Hydrangeaceae

Whipplea modesta Aphis sp. (California, USA; BMNH collection)

Whiteochloa Poaceae

Whiteochloa sp. Hysteroneura setariae

Wickstroemia see Wikstroemia Thymelaeaceae

Widdringtonia Cupressaceae

Widdringtonia cedarbergensis = W. wallichii

W. dracomontana [Aphis gossypii]; Cinara cupressi;

(= W. nodiflora?) Illinoia morrisoni; [Neomyzus circumflexus]

W. juniperoides Cinara tujafilina; Illinoia morrisoni;

(= W. nodiflora?) Siphonatrophia cupressi

W. nodiflora Cinara cupressi, tujafilina

W. schwarzii Cinara cupressi; Illinoia morrisoni;

Siphonatrophia cupressi

W. wallichii Cinara tujafilina

W. whytei Cinara tujafilina

Use key to aphids on Cupressus.

Wigandia Hydrophyllaceae

Wigandia caracasana Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii; Myzus persicae

W. urens Myzus ornatus

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Wikstroemia Thymelaeaceae

Wikstroemia indica Aphis craccivora; Sitobion wikstroemiae

W. viridiflora = W. indica

Key to apterae on Wikstroemia:-

- SIPH dark, with subapical polygonal reticulation. R IV+V short, blunt, convex-sided, 0.65-0.75 × HT II. ANT III with longest hairs only 0.2-0.3 × BD III, and 1-3 rhinaria near base

…..Sitobion wikstroemiae

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Wissadula Malvaceae

Wissadula periplocifolia Aphis gossypii

Wisteria Fabaceae

Wisteria chinensis = W. sinensis

W. floribunda (incl. var. Aphis craccivora, fabae, gossypii; Aulacorthum solani;

macrobotrys) Myzus persicae

W. sinensis Aphis craccivora, fabae, gossypii, spiraecola;

Aulacophoroides hoffmanni; Aulacorthum solani;

Myzus persicae

Wisteria sp. Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Key to apterae on Wisteria:-

- ANT, SIPH and distal 0.7 of femora blackish, cauda pale. Head minutely spiculose with well-developed divergent ANT tubercles. ABD TERG 2-7 with broad dusky sclerotic bands or paired patches …..Aulacophoroides hoffmanni

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Withania Solanaceae

Withania somnifera Aphis fabae, gossypii, [umbrella]; [Lipaphis erysimi];

Myzus persicae

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Wolffia Araceae

Wolffia brasiliensis Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae

Wollastonia see Melanthera Asteraceae

Wollastonia biflora = Melanthera biflora

Woodfordia Lythraceae

Woodfordia floribunda = W. fruticosa

W. fruticosa Aphis gossypii, nasturtii, spiraecola, [umbrella]

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Woodsia Woodsiaceae

Woodsia ilvensis Macrosiphum woodsiae

W. mollis Macrosiphum longirostratum

W. oregana Macrosiphum woodsiae

W. scopulina Macrosiphum woodsiae

Key to apterae on Woodsia:-

(Both spp. have R IV+V with 13-35 accessory hairs, ANT III with a row of 6-21 rhinaria, and SIPH with rather indistinct subapical reticulation; otherwise go to key to fern-feeding aphids)

- R IV+V 0.18-0.21 mm long, 1.54-1.95 × HT II …..Macrosiphum longirostratum

- R IV+V 0.12-0.15 mm long, 1.38-1.61 × HT II …..Macrosiphum woodsiae

Woodwardia Blechnaceae

Woodwardia orientalis Macromyzus woodwardiae

W. radicans Macromyzus woodwardiae

(or try key to fern-feeding aphids under Polypodium)

Wulfenia (including Wulfeniopsis) Plantaginaceae

Wulfenia amherstiana Myzus ornatus

Wulffia Asteraceae

Wulffia baccata = Tilesia baccata

W. stenoglossa = Tilesia baccata

Wyethia Asteraceae

Wyethia sp. Aphis asclepiadis; Aulacorthum solani;

Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Xanthium Asteraceae

Xanthium canadense = X. orientale

X. chinense = X. strumarium

X. commune Prociphilus erigeronensis

X. echinatum Capitophorus xanthii

X. italicum Capitophorus xanthii; Uroleucon ambrosiae

X. orientale Aphis craccivora, fabae; Capitophorus xanthii;

Protaphis middletonii; Uroleucon ambrosiae

X. spinosum Aphis asclepiadis; Brachycaudus cardui; Myzus persicae

X. strumarium [Acyrthosiphon gossypii];

Aphis craccivora, fabae, gossypii; Capitophorus xanthii;

Protaphis anuraphoides, [elatior], elongata;

Rectinasus buxtoni; Trama troglodytes;

Uroleucon ambrosiae, compositae, [formosanum]

Xanthium spp. Aphis spiraecola; Brachycaudus helichrysi;

Smynthurodes betae

Key to apterae on Xanthium:-

1 SIPH absent. ANT PT/BASE less than 0.5. Eyes of 3 facets …..2

- SIPH present, tubular. ANT PT/BASE more than 1. Eyes multifacetted …..4

2 HT II very elongate, more than 0.5 × hind tibia …..Trama troglodytes

- HT II of normal length …..3

3 ANT 5-segmented, with ANT V BASE very long, more than 15 × longer than the short, peg-like PT. R IV+V extremely long, similar in length to hind femur …..Rectinasus buxtoni

- ANT 5- or 6-segmented, base of last segment and R IV+V relatively much shorter

…..use couplets 2 and 3 of key to polyphagous aphids

4 Cauda short, helmet-shaped, not longer than its basal width, with a slight basal constriction, and bearing 4-8 hairs. Spiracular apertures large and rounded …..5

- Cauda tongue-shaped, finger shaped, or bluntly triangular without a basal constriction (in which case it has 10+ hairs). Spiracular apertures reniform …..6

5 Dorsal abdomen with an extensive dark sclerotic shield. SIPH 2.1-3.4 × cauda. Mesosternum with a pair of dark mammariform processes …..Brachycaudus cardui

- Dorsal abdomen without dark sclerotisation. SIPH 1.1-1.4 × cauda. Mesosternum without dark processes …..Brachycaudus helichrysi

6 Dorsal body hairs mushroom-shaped, arising from tuberculate bases. SIPH swollen on apical third, 3.2-4.5 × cauda …..Capitophorus xanthii

- Dorsal body hairs not mushroom-shaped, nor arising from tuberculate bases. SIPH less than 2.5 × cauda …..7

7 ANT PT/BASE 0.85-1.3 (-1.4). ABD TERG 1 and 7 with well-developed marginal tubercles (MTu). SIPH stump-shaped …..8

- ANT PT/BASE more than 1.5. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with or without MTu. SIPH tubular

…..go to key to polyphagous aphids, starting at couplet 4

8 SIPH 0.77-0.82 × cauda. Longest hairs on ANT III 1.1-1.2 × BD III …..Protaphis elongata

- SIPH 0.9-1.2 × cauda. Longest hairs on ANT III 0.6-0.8 × BD III

…..Protaphis anuraphoides

Xanthoceras Sapindaceae

Xanthoceras sorbifolium [Periphyllus lyropictus]

Xanthophyllum Polygalaceae

Xanthophyllum stipitatum Anomalosiphum murphyi

Xanthoselinum see Peucedanum Apiaceae

Xanthosoma Araceae

Xanthosoma atrovirens = X. sagittifolium

X. mexicanum Aphis nasturtii; [Pentalonia nigronervosa]

X. nigrum = X. sagittifolium

X. roseum = X. sagittifolium

X. sagittifolium Aphis gossypii; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;

Myzus persicae; Pentalonia caladii

X. violaceum = X. sagittifolium

Key to apterae on Xanthosoma:-

- SIPH and femora covered with irregular, transverse rows of spicules. ANT PT/BASE 5.8-8.1. SIPH pale basally and dark distally. (Alata with dark-bordered wing veins, with radius and costa fused for part of lengths to form a closed cell behind the pterostigma)

…..Pentalonia caladii

- SIPH and femora smooth or imbricated, not markedly spiculose. ANT PT/BASE 1.4-6.2. SIPH pale or uniformly dark. (Alata with normal wing venation, veins not dark-bordered)

…..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Xeranthemum Asteraceae

Xeranthemum annuum Macrosiphoniella xeranthemi; Myzus persicae;

Protaphis anuraphoides, elatior;

X. cylindraceum [Aphis intybi]; Macrosiphoniella xeranthemi

X. inapertum Aphis craccivora; Macrosiphoniella xeranthemi;

Protaphis anuraphoides

X. longepapposum Macrosiphoniella xeranthemi; [Uroleucon helenae]

Xeranthemum sp. Aphis gossypii

Key to apterae on Xeranthemum:-

1 ANT, legs, SIPH and cauda all almost entirely dark. SIPH with polygonal reticulation on distal c.0.3 of length …..Macrosiphoniella xeranthemi

- ANT and tibiae mainly pale, only dark at apices. SIPH without polygonal reticulation …..2

2 ANT PT/BASE more than 1.5. Cauda tongue- or finger-shaped (or if very short then with only 4-7 hairs) …..go to key to polyphagous aphids, starting at couplet 4

- ANT PT/BASE 0.8-1.1. Cauda bluntly triangular with 16-20 hairs …..3

3 R IV+V 1.45-1.65 × HT II. SIPH 0.9-1.2 × cauda. Hairs on ANT III 0.6-0.8 × BD III

…..Protaphis anuraphoides

- R IV+V 1.25-1.35 × HT II. SIPH 0.8-1.0 × cauda. Hairs on ANT III 0.3-0.4 × BD III

…..Protaphis elatior

Xerophyllum Melanthiaceae

Xerophyllum tenax Aphis asclepiadis

Ximenia Olacaceae

Ximenia americana Aphis gossypii

X. caffra Sitobion africanum, [Sitobion sp. (Remaudière &

Autrique 1985)]

Key to apterae on Ximenia:-

- SIPH black, with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation. Longest hairs on ANT III less than 0.6 × BD III. Dorsal abdomen with variably developed dark cross-bands

…..Sitobion africanum

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Xolisma see Lyonia Ericaceae

Xylopia Apiaceae

Xylopia aromatica Aphis spiraecola

Xylosma Salicaceae

Xylosma congesta [Aphis sp. (Leonard 1972a:104)];

Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii, citricidus

X. japonica = Xylosma congesta

X. longifolia Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii

X. racemosa ssp. kwangtungensis = X. longifolia

X. venosa [Aphis sp. (Leonard 1972a:104)]

Xylosma sp. [Ceratovacuna lanigerum];

[Tuberculatus paranaracola, yokoyamai]

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Xylosteum see Lonicera Caprifoliaceae

Xysmalobium Asclepiadaceae

Xysmalobium undulatum Aphis gossypii

Yoania see Danhatchia Orchidaceae

Yoania australis = Danhatchia australis

Youngia Asteraceae

Youngia japonica Aphis nerii, spiraecola; Aulacorthum solani;

Brachycaudus helichrysi; [Cryptomyzus taoi];

Hyperomyzus lactucae; Myzus lactucicola, persicae;

Neomyzus circumflexus; [Sitobion miscanthi];

Uroleucon ambrosiae, erigeronense, gobonis, formosanum,

formosanum ssp. crepidis, pseudambrosiae

Y. sonchifolia Macrosiphoniella ixeridis; Uroleucon formosanum

Y. tenuifolia = Crepis tenuifolia

Key to apterae on Youngia:-

1 SIPH mainly or entirely dark with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation. ANT III with

5-135 rhinaria .....2

- SIPH pale or dark, if mainly or entirely dark then without polygonal reticulation. ANT III without or with fewer rhinaria …..7

2 ANT II with 5-7 rhinaria on basal third. First tarsal segments with 3 hairs

…..Macrosiphoniella ixeridis

- ANT III with 8-135 rhinaria usually extending beyond basal third. First tarsal segments with 5 hairs …..3

3 SIPH with pale basal section. Cauda tapering to a very thin apex, with subapical hairs usually shorter and often blunter than lateral hairs …..Uroleucon erigeronense

- SIPH entirely dark, or only slightly paler at base. Cauda tapering or finger-like, not very thin at apex, with any subapical hairs similar to lateral hairs …..4

4 Cauda dark like SIPH …..Uroleucon gobonis (or compositae?)

- Cauda pale, much paler than SIPH …..5

5 ANT III 1.5-2.0 × longer than ANT IV+V together, and bearing 54-135 strongly protruberant rhinaria …..Uroleucon formosanum (incl. ssp. crepidis)

- ANT III much shorter than IV + V together, and bearing 8-46 rhinaria …..6

6 HT II rather long and thin, 6 or more × longer than its maximum thickness and 0.9-1.1 × R IV+V …..Uroleucon pseudambrosiae

- HT II less than 5 × its maximum thickness and 0.70-0.85 × R IV+V

…..Uroleucon ambrosiae

7 Dorsum with extensive uniformly dusky/dark sclerotisation. Head spiculose with well-developed scabrous ANT tubercles. SIPH slightly clavate. R IV+V 0.7-0.9 × HT II

…..Myzus lactucicola

- Without that combination of characters .....go to key to polyphagous aphids

Yucca Asparagaceae

Yucca angustifolia = Y. glauca

Y. filamentosa Aphis asclepiadis, fabae, gossypii, spiraecola;

Aulacorthum solani; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;

Myzus persicae; Neomyzus circumflexus;

Rhopalosiphoninus staphyleae

Y. glauca Aphis carduella, fabae

Y. guatemalensis Aphis asclepiadis

Y. mohavensis = Y. schidigera

Y. schidigera Aphis asclepiadis

Yucca spp. Aphis gossypii, [yuccae Lichtenstein (nomen nudum)]

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Yushania Poaceae

Yushania alpina Hyalopterus pruni; Pseudoregma panicola;

Sitobion papillatum ssp. subnudum

Y. anceps Takecallis affinis, taiwana

Y. niitakayamensis Chaitoregma tattakana; Cranaphis formosanus;

Melanaphis arundinariae; Takecallis arundinariae

[Takecallis affinis ssp. niitakayamensis?]

Use key to aphids on Arundinaria.

Zalacca see Salacca Arecaceae

Zaluzania Asteraceae

Zaluzania augusta Uroleucon astronomus, mexicanum

Key to apterae on Zaluzania:-

(Both species have dark SIPH with a distal zone of polygonal reticulation.)

- Coxae pale like trochanters. Tibiae dark basally and apically with middle parts contrastingly pale .....Uroleucon astronomus

- Coxae dusky and at least partly darker than trochanters. Tibiae uniformaly pigmented

.....Uroleucon mexicanum*

Zantedeschia (= Richardia Kunth, nec. L.) Araceae

Zantedeschia aethiopica Acyrthosiphon malvae; Aphis fabae; Aulacorthum solani;

Dysaphis tulipae; [Idiopterus nephrelepidis];

Myzus ascalonicus, persicae; Neomyzus circumflexus;

Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon

Z. africana = Z. aethiopica

Key to apterae on Zantedeschia:-

- Cauda helmet-shaped, not longer than its basal width in dorsal view. Spinal tubercles (STu) present on head and ABD TERG 8, or 7 and 8 …..Dysaphis tulipae

- Cauda tongue-shaped, longer than its basal width. STu absent from head, and rarely on ABD TERG 8 …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Zanthoxylum (including Fagara) Rutaceae

Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Aphis citricidus, odinae;

[Myzus xanthomelii Shinji (nomen dubium)]

Z. alatum = Z. armatum

Z. alba = Z. martinicense

Z. americanum Aphis fabae, nasturtii

Z. armatum Aphis gossypii; [Sinomegoura photiniae]

Z. avicennae Aphis citricidus

Z. bungeanum Aphis citricidis, fabae, gossypii, nasturtii;

Myzus persicae; [Sorbaphis chaetosiphon]

Z. bungei = Z. bungeanum Aphis fabae, gossypii, nasturtii; Myzus persicae

Z. clava-herculis Aphis aurantii, spiraecola

Z. coco Aphis citricidus

Z. cubense = Z. rhodoxylum

Z. flavum Aphis aurantii

Z. gilletii Aphis aurantii

Z. macrophyllum = Z. clava-herculis

Z. mantshuricum = Z. schinifolium

Z. martinicense Aphiscitricidus

Z. microphyllum = Z. tragodes

Z. nitidum Aphis odinae; Hyperomyzus gansuensis

Z. ornatum (?) Aphis aurantii, citricidus, odinae, spiraecola;

Neomyzus circumflexus; Sinomegoura citricola

Z. piperitum Aphis citricidus, gossypii, odinae;

Myzus persicae, [xanthomelii Shinji (nomen nudum)];

Pseudomegoura magnoliae

Z. planispinum = Z. armatum

Z. rhodoxylum Aphis aurantii

Z. rhoifolium Aphis citricidus

Z. scandens Aphis victoriae

Z. schinifolium Aphis citricidus, odinae, spiraecola, victoriae

Z. simulans Aphis citricidus, gossypii

Z. tragodes Aphis odinae

Zanthoxylum sp. Myzus ornatus

Key to apterae on Zanthoxylum:-

1 SIPH pale and markedly swollen, c.1.7 × cauda. ANT III-IV with many small round rhinaria. ANT PT/BASE c.6 .....Hyperomyzus gansuensis

- Without that combination of characters .....2

2 ANT VI BASE with 5-7 hairs. ANT III, IV and most of V completely lacking in pigment, paler than rest of cuticle. SIPH 0.8-1.08 × cauda. ABD TERG 8 with 5-8 hairs. (Stridulatory apparatus present) …..Aphis (Toxoptera) victoriae

- ANT VI BASE usually with 2 hairs, and other characters not in above combination. (Stridulatory apparatus present or absent) …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Zea (including Euchlaena) Poaceae

Zea mays Anoecia corni, vagans;

Aphis fabae, craccivora, gossypii, solanella;

[Brachycaudus helichrysi]; Colopha graminis, ulmicola;

Diuraphis noxia;

Forda formicaria, marginata, pawlowae;

Geoica lucifuga, setariae, utricularia;

Hysteroneura setariae; Macrosiphum euphorbiae;

Melanaphis sorghi;

Metopolophium dirhodum, festucae ssp. cerealium;

Myzus obtusirostris, persicae; Pemphigus brevicornis;

Paracletus bykovi, bykovi ssp.uzbekistanicus;

Protaphis [knowltoni],middletonii;

Rhopalosiphoninus indicus;

Rhopalosiphum maidis, oxyacanthae, padi,

rufiabdominale, [Rhopalosiphum “sp. x” of Valenzuela

et al. 2009 (in Australia and New Zealand)] ;

Schizaphis graminum; Sipha flava, glyceriae, maydis;

Sitobion africanum, akebiae, avenae, fragariae,

leelamaniae, miscanthi;

Smynthurodes betae;

Tetraneura caerulescens, fusiformis, nigriabdominalis,

radicicola, ulmi

Z. mexicana Rhopalosiphum padi; Schizaphis graminum

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Zebrina see Tradescantia Commelinaceae

Zehneria Cucurbitaceae

Zehneria indica Aphis nerii

Z. scabra Aphis gossypii

Z. umbellata Aphis gossypii

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Zelkova Ulmaceae

The small but probably ancient aphid fauna of Zelkova is poorly studied. The gall makers span 4 genera of Eriosomatini, all distinct from those on Ulmus, and are probably relicts of a much larger fauna in the past. Tinocallis on Zelkova include some that also feed on Ulmus (nirecola, ulmiparvifoliae), plus several others that are included in the key rather tentatively as they have not been seen by the authors. There are certainly other Tinocallis still to be described from Zelkova.

Zelkova acuminata (= Z. serrata?) Aphis craccivora; [Eriosoma ulmi];

Tinocallis zelkowae

Z. carpinifolia Aphis gossypii;

Byrsocryptoides zelkovae, zelkovaecola;

Zelkovaphis caucasica;

Tinocallis nevskyi, saltans, zelkovae

Z. crenata = Z. carpinifolia

Z. davidii = Hemiptelea davidii

Z. formosana (= Z. serrata?) Myzus persicae;

Tinocallis mushensis, ulmiparvifoliae, viridis,

zelkowae

Z. schneideriana Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii;

Tinocallis sophorae, suzhouensis, [ulmicola],

viridis, zelkowae;

Z. serrata (incl. var. japonica) Keyaki

Aphis gossypii;

Colophina arma, clematicola, clematis, [monstrifica],

zelkovae;

Hemipodaphis persimilis;

Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae;

Paracolopha morrisoni; Stomaphis yanonis;

Tinocallis saltans, takachihoensis, ulmiparvifoliae,

zelkowae

Z. serrata var. latifolia Tinocallis latifoliae

Z. sicula Zelkovaphis trinacriae

Key to aphids on Zelkova:-

1 Cauda knobbed, anal plate bilobed. SIPH as short truncate cones without hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 2 with paired spinal hair-bearing processes (Adult viviparae all alate) .....2

- Cauda rounded, anal plate entire. SIPH absent or if present then not in form of short truncate cones without hairs. ABD TERG 1 and 2 without spinal processes.

(Adult viviparae apterous and alate) .....12

2 Forewing with at least distal branches of media thickly bordered with fuscous, and Cu_1a with a distal fuscous patch .....3

- Forewing veins not thickly bordered with fuscous; sometimes with small spots at distal ends

…..5

3 ANT PT/BASE about 0.25. Dorsal abdomen with extensive paired dark markings (fig. 119B). Head and pronotum pale with dark markings. Forewing with a bridge of fuscous between media and distal part of Cu_1b .....Tinocallis (Eotinocallis) zelkovae

- ANT PT/BASE at least 0.9. Dorsal abdomen without dark markings. Head and pronotum almost wholly dark. Forewing without a bridge of fuscous between media and Cu_1b …..4

4 Pronotum with one pair of finger-like spinal processes. Spinal processes of ABD TERG 3-8 pale, low, undeveloped on some tergites. SIPH pale

.....Tinocallis (Sappocallis) takachihoensis

- Pronotum with two pairs of finger-like spinal processes. ABD TERG 3-8 with dark spots, developed into cone-shaped processes on some tergites, and with dark marginal sclerites on 4-6. SIPH dark .....Tinocallis (Sappocallis) saltans

5 Head and often also pronotum with a well-defined black median longitudinal line, which may be lacking in spring generations, but in that case thorax is without spinal processes. Mesonotal lobes not dark …..6

- Head and pronotum without any pigmentation in the median area, or if with a dark medial line then mesonotal lobes are dark. Pro- and mesonota with paired spinal processes …..9

6 Pro- and mesonota with hairs borne on paired short spinal processes about as long as their basal widths. Femora with dark subapical spots …..Tinocallis sophorae*

- Pro- and mesonota without spinal processes. Femora without dark subapical spots …..7

7 ANT III mainly dusky/dark, longer than IV+V together, and bearing 24-43 secondary rhinaria. R IV+V 1.2-1.6 × HT II, with 6-10 accessory hairs …..Tinocallis mushensis*

- ANT III pale with dark apex, not usually longer than ANT IV+V together, and bearing 10-26 secondary rhinaria. R IV+V 0.8-1.0(-1.2) × HT II, with 4-5 accessory hairs .....8

8 ANT (I-VI) 0.86-1.13 × BL …..Tinocallis latifoliae*

- ANT (I-VI) 0.53-0.79 × BL …..Tinocallis zelkowae

9 ANT III with secondary rhinaria distributed over more than half of length …..10

- ANT III with secondary rhinaria concentrated on thickened basal half …..11

10 Hind femora pale with contrasting dark subapical bands, Head with inner pair of posterior hairs on processes that are shorter than or as short as their basal widths

…..Tinocallis(Sappocallis) nevskyi

- Hind femora dusky or pale with diffuse inconspicuous subapical spots. Head with inner pair of posterior hairs on processes that are 1.5-2.0 × longer than their basal widths

…..Tinocallis ulmiparvifoliae

11 Forewing veins ending in conspicuous dark triangles. Dorsal body hairs fine, mostly longer than basal diameter of ANT III. Spinal processes on ABD TERG 1 and 2 usually dark-tipped, and those on ABD TERG 2 often united at base. Marginal processes often as long as or longer than ANT I …..Tinocallis viridis

- Forewing veins not ending in conspicuous dark triangles. Dorsal body hairs stiff, as short as or shorter than basal diameter of ANT III. Spinal processes pale, those on ABD TERG 2 not united at bases. Marginal processes shorter than ANT I .....Tinocallis suzhouensis*

12 BL more than 4 mm. Rostrum much longer than body. Abdomen with a medial

ventral row of 5 dark patches .....Stomaphis yanonis

- BL less than 3 mm. Rostrum much shorter than body. Abdomen without ventral dark markings except posteriorly .....13

13 SIPH tubular …..go to key to polyphagous aphids, starting at couplet 4

- SIPH poriform or absent …..14

14 (Remaining couplets refer to alatae emerging from leaf-roll or pouch galls.) Media of forewing once- or twice branched. Hind wing with 1 or 2 oblique veins. SIPH pores present

.....15

- Media of forewing unbranched. Hind wing always with 1 oblique vein. SIPH pores present of absent .....21

15 Total length of antennal flagellum (III-VI) 0.9-1.4 mm. ANT III bearing 28-44 secondary rhinaria .....16

- Total length of antennal flagellum (III-V or III-VI) 0.3-0.8 mm. ANT III bearing 9-22 secondary rhinaria .....18

16 BL 1.5-1.9 mm .....Colophina zelkovae

- BL more than 2 mm .....17

17 Total length of antennal flagellum (III-VI) 1.2-1.4 mm. ANT PT 0.01-0.02 mm long, with quadrate apex (fig. 120A). Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 31-43, IV 9-14, V 10-16, VI 8-11 .....Colophina clematis

- Total length of antennal flagellum 0.9-1.1 mm. ANT PT very short and indistinct, less than 0.01 mm long, with rounded apex. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 28-37, IV 8-13, V 9-13, VI 5-8 .....Colophina arma

18 Antennae 5-segmented, with ANT V nearly as long as III; secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 9-12, IV 3-6, V 5-9 …..Colophina clematicola

- Antennae 6-segmented …..19

19 R IV+V 0.15-0.19 mm long, densely spinulose and 1.38-1.59× HT II. (Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 12-22, IV 2-4, V 2-4, VI 0-1) .....Hemipodaphis persimilis

- R IV+V 0.07-0.17 mm long, smooth or spinulose and 0.53-1.02× HT II .....20

20 R IV+V 0.15-0.17 mm, spinulose, 0.83-1.02× HT II. Secondary rhinaria distributed

ANT III 14-20, IV 3-5, V 4-6, VI 0-2 .....Zelkovaphis trinacriae

- R IV+V 0.07-0.10 mm long, nearly smooth, 0.53-0.72× HT II. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 10-16, IV 2-4, V 2-4, VI 0 .....Zelkovaphis caucasica

21 ANT VI BASE (or V in 5-segmented antennae) with 3-7 secondary rhinaria. ANT PT very short and broad, about 0.01 mm or less, with rounded apex (fig. 120B). SIPH pores absent. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 7-16, IV 4-6, V 3-8, VI 3-7

.....Paracolopha morrisoni

- ANT VI BASE with 0-1 secondary rhinaria. ANT PT about 0.02 mm or more, with rounded or pointed apex. SIPH pores present. Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 7-11, IV 2-3, V 0-4, VI 0-1 .....22

22 ANT V about equal in length to (i.e. less than 1.2×) ANT IV (fig. 120C). Secondary rhinaria distributed ANT III 8-11, IV 2-3, V 0-3, VI 0-1 .....Byrsocryptoides zelkovaecola

- ANT V 1.4-1.8× longer than ANT IV (fig. 120D). Secondary rhinaria distributed

ANT III 7-11, IV 2-3, V 1-4, VI 0-1 .....Byrsocryptoides zelkovae

Zerna see Vulpia Poaceae

Zeugites Poaceae

Zeugites americana Hysteroneura setariae; Neomyzus circumflexus;

Rhopalosiphum padi

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Zigadenus Melianthaceae

Zigadenus elegans = Anticlea elegans

Z. nuttallii = Toxicoscordion nuttalliii

Z. venenosus = Toxicoscordion venenosum

Zigadenus sp. (?) [Acyrthosiphon purshiae]; Aphis asclepiadis;

Macrosiphum euphorbiae, valerianae;

[Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum (in Japan)]

Key to apterae on Zigadenus:-

1 Body oval, ANT tubercles weakly developed. ABD TERG 1 and 7 with marginal tubercles (MTu). SIPH dark, without subapical polygonal reticulation …..Aphis asclepiadis

- Body spindle-shaped. SIPH pale or dark with a subapical zone of reticulation …..2

2 SIPH entirely dark, or only pale at base …..Macrosiphum valerianae

- SIPH pale or only gradually darkening distally …..Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Zilla Brassicaceae

Zilla spinosa Myzus persicae

Zingiber Zingiberaceae

Zingiber kawagoii Pentalonia caladii

Z. mioga Myzus ornatus, persicae; Pseudomegoura magnoliae

Z. officinale Aphis gossypii; Astegopteryx [nipae], styracophila;

Pentalonia caladii; Pseudoregma sundanica

Z. spectabile Pentalonia caladii

Zingiber spp. Pentalonia kalimpongensis; Pseudoregma sundanica

Use key to apterae on Hedychium.

Zinnia Asteraceae

Zinnia angustifolia Aphis fabae

Z. elegans Aphis [euonymi], fabae, gossypii, nasturtii, solanella,

spiraecola;

Aulcorthum solani; Brachycaudus helichrysi;

Macrosiphum euphorbiae; [Metopolophium dirhodum];

Myzus ornatus, persicae;

Neomyzus circumflexus

Z. multiflora = Z. peruviana

Z. peruviana Aphis fabae, gossypii; Uroleucon ambrosiae

Zinnia spp. Uroleucon compositae, [kashmiricum]

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Zizania Poaceae

Zizania aquatica Rhopalosiphum nigrum

Z. caduciflora = Z. latifolia

Z. latifolia Melanaphis sacchari; Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale;

[Schizaphis scirpi]

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Zizia Apiaceae

Zizia aptera Aphis fabae; [Brachycaudus cerasicola]

Z. aurea Aphis asclepiadis, saniculae, spiraecola, thaspii;

Cavariella aegopodii, [archangelicae], [pastinacae]

Zizia sp. [Anuromyzus cotoneasteris]

Use key to apterae on Cicuta.

Ziziphora Lamiaceae

Ziziphora bungeana = Z. clinopodioides ssp. bungeana

Z. clinopodioides Aphis craccivora, frangulae ssp. beccabungae, gossypii;

Brachycaudus cerasicola; [Ovatus insitus]

Z. tenuior Aphis craccivora, fabae, frangulae ssp. beccabungae,

gossypii

Ziziphora sp. Aphis craccivora, gossypii; Brachyunguis nurikamalae

Key to apterae on Ziziphora:-

1 ANT PT/BASE 0.7-1.0 …..Brachyunguis nurikamalae*

- ANT PT/BASE more than 1.0 …..2

2 Cauda semicircular, much shorter than its basal width in dorsal view. Dorsum with an extensive dark sclerotic shield …..Brachycaudus cerasicola

- Without that combination of characters …..go to key to polyphagous aphids

Ziziphus Rhamnaceae

Ziziphus jujuba Aphis craccivora, frangulae

Z. lotus Aphis gossypii, nasturtii; Myzus persicae

Z. nummularia Aphis nasturtii

Ziziphus sp. Cervaphis schouteniae

Key to species on Ziziphus:-

- Body with very long branched hair-bearing processes (as in fig. 92A). SIPH about

1.0-1.5 × hind tibia and bearing a subapical ring of hairs .....Cervaphis schouteniae

- Body without long hair-bearing processes. SIPH shorter and without hairs

.....use key to aphids on Rhamnus

Zornia Fabaceae

Zornia pratensis Aphis craccivora

Zosima Apiaceae

Zosima absinthifolia Aphis craccivora

Z. tordyloides = Semenovia rubtzovii

Zoysia Poaceae

Zoysia japonica Geoica lucifuga;

Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (or fusiformis?)

Use key to apterae of grass-feeding aphids under Digitaria.

Zuelania Salicaceae

Zuelania guidonia Aphis (Toxoptera) aurantii

Zygadenus see Zigadenus Liliaceae

Zygocactus Cactaceae

Zygocactus bridgesii Aphis fabae; Myzus persicae

Z. truncatus Myzus persicae

Zygocactus sp. Brachycaudus helichrysi; Macrosiphum euphorbiae

Use key to polyphagous aphids.

Zygophyllum Zygophyllaceae

Zygophyllum fabago Acyrthosiphon gossypii, [pisum];

Aphis craccivora, gossypii;

Brachyunguis [harmalae], zygophylli;

Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae

Z. simplex Aphis craccivora

Z. turcomanicum (?) Brachyunguis zygophylli

Key to apterae on Zygophyllum:-

1 ANT PT/BASE 0.6-0.8. SIPH stumpy, 0.25-0.75 × cauda …..Brachyunguis zygophylli

- ANT PT/BASE more than 1.5. SIPH longer than cauda …..2

2 SIPH pale and attenuated distally, thinner than hind tibiae at their respective midpoints, 0.33-0.45 × BL and 2.5-3.5 × cauda …..Acyrthosiphon gossypii

- SIPH pale or dark, thicker and relatively shorter …..go to key to polyphagous aphids